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fMRI: Applications in Cognitive Neuroscience

 fMRI: Applications in Cognitive Neuroscience – Springer Protocols

Abstract

Neuroimaging has, in many respects, revolutionized the study of cognitive neuroscience, the discipline that attempts to determine the neural mechanisms underlying cognitive processes. Early studies of brain–behavior relationships relied on a precise neurological exam as the basis for hypothesizing the site of brain damage that was responsible for a given behavioral syndrome.

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Elevating Brain Magnesium Enhances Learning and Memory

Enhancement of Learning and Memory by Elevating Brain Magnesium.

HIGHLIGHTS

• A magnesium compound (MgT) can efficiently elevate brain magnesium
• Elevation of brain magnesium enhanced learning and memory in young and aged rats
• Elevation of brain magnesium increased NR2B, NMDAR signaling, and synaptic plasticity
• Elevation of brain magnesium increased number of presynaptic boutons in hippocampus

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Rapid, Reversible Modulation of Blood-Brain BarrierP-Glycoprotein Transport Activity by Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor

Cellular/Molecular
Rapid, Reversible Modulation of Blood–Brain BarrierP-Glycoprotein Transport Activity by Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor

Increased brain expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is associated with neurological disease, brain injury, and blood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction. However, the specific effect of VEGF on the efflux transporter P-glycoprotein, a critical component of the BBB, is not known.

Using isolated rat brain capillaries and in situ rat brain perfusion, we determined the effect of VEGF exposure on P-glycoprotein activity in vitro and in vivo.

Psychopharmacological Treatment for Cognitive Impairment in Survivors of Traumatic Brain Injury

Psychopharmacological Treatment for Cognitive Impairment in Survivors of Traumatic Brain Injury: A Critical Review

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a growing national health issue that commonly results in clinically significant cognitive impairments. This article reviews and evaluates the many proposed psychopharmacological treatments for TBI-related cognitive impairment.

Sleep in disorders of consciousness

Sleep in disorders of consciousness

Summary

From a behavioral as well as neurobiological point of view, sleep and consciousness are intimately connected. A better understanding of sleep cycles and sleep architecture of patients suffering from disorders of consciousness (DOC) might therefore improve the clinical care for these patients as well as our understanding of the neural correlations of consciousness.